Germanic Languages and Literatures

Faculty of the Department of Germanic Languages and Literatures

Eric Rentschler, Professor of German (Chair)
Peter J. Burgard, Professor of German (Director of Graduate Studies)
Karl S. Guthke, Kuno Francke Professor of German Art and Culture
Annette Johansson-Los, Preceptor in Scandinavian
Kristin Kopp, Assistant Professor of German (Head Tutor, German)
Charles P. Lutcavage, Senior Preceptor in German (Coordinator of Language Instruction)
Stephen A. Mitchell, Professor of Scandinavian and Folklore (Head Tutor, Scandinavian)
Sylvia Rieger, Preceptor in German
Judith Ryan, Harvard College Professor and Robert K. and Dale J. Weary Professor of German and Comparative Literature (on leave fall term)
Eckehard Simon, Victor S. Thomas Professor of Germanic Languages and Literatures
Maria Tatar, Harvard College Professor and John L. Loeb Professor of Germanic Languages and Literatures

Other Faculty Offering Instruction in the Department of Germanic Languages and Literatures

Joseph C. Harris, Professor of English and Folklore
Jay H. Jasanoff, Diebold Professor of Indo-European Linguistics and Philology (on leave spring term)
Peter Nisbet, Senior Lecturer on History of Art and Architecture

Graduate students in the Faculty of Arts and Sciences may enroll in certain foreign language courses for the grade of Satisfactory/Unsatisfactory. Students should consult with course heads to determine if a course is offered on that basis.

German

Primarily for Undergraduates

The placement test in German is offered during Freshman Week and during Intersession.
German A. Elementary German
Catalog Number: 4294
Charles P. Lutcavage and staff
Full course (indivisible). M. through Th., sections at 9, 10, 11, or 12. EXAM GROUP: 6
A thorough introduction to the fundamentals of German designed for students with little or no knowledge of the language. The focus is on all four skills—speaking, listening, reading, and writing—with the goal of acquiring the fluency necessary for basic communication in a German-speaking country. The second half of the course includes short literary pieces by such authors as Goethe, Kafka, and Brecht.
Note: The first half of this course may not be taken as a half course for credit toward the A.B. degree; there are no exceptions to this rule. The hour exam for this course will be held from 8 to 9 a.m. during the fall and spring terms. Not open to auditors.

*German Bab. Elementary German (Intensive)
Catalog Number: 8629
Sylvia Rieger and staff
Full course (fall term; repeated spring term). M. through F., at 9 or 12; and an additional hour to be arranged on Mondays. EXAM GROUP: 2, 11
A complete first-year course in one semester for students with no knowledge of German. Provides a thorough introduction to German culture and language, encompassing all four skills: speaking, listening, reading, and writing. Class time is focused on developing oral proficiency; by the end of the course, students should be able to engage in everyday conversation with native speakers. Language instruction is supplemented by literary and non-literary texts, films, and Internet exercises.
Note: Open to undergraduates. Open to graduate students only with permission of the instructor. Students planning to enroll are required to sign up for the course with Dr. Rieger at the German department before the start of the term. May not be taken Pass/Fail; not open to auditors.

German Da. Intermediate German: Speaking, Listening Comprehension, Reading, and Writing
Catalog Number: 5779
Charles P. Lutcavage and staff
Half course (fall term; repeated spring term). Fall term: M., W., F., sections at 9, 10, 11, or 12. Spring term: M., W., F., at 9. EXAM GROUP: 2
Conversation and writing activites based on a variety of reading materials (short stories, poems, current events, and a detective drama). Authors include Brecht, Böll, Dürrenmatt, and others. Video, film, and the Internet provide further topics for discussion. Course offers a review of grammar with exercises in vocabulary-building.
Note: Conducted in German. Not open to auditors.

German Db. Intermediate German: Speaking, Listening Comprehension, Reading, and Writing
Catalog Number: 2608
Charles P. Lutcavage and staff
Half course (spring term). M., W., F., sections at 9, 10, 11, or 12. EXAM GROUP: 2
Continuation of German Da. Reading material includes journalistic and political writings, as well as literary works by Dürrenmatt, Kafka, Böll, and others. Additional topics include German unification, Berlin, and current events. Grammar review, vocabulary-building, film, and video are an integral part of the course.
Note: Conducted in German. Not open to auditors.
Prerequisite: German Da or permission of the instructor.

German S. German for Reading Knowledge
Catalog Number: 7177
Charles P. Lutcavage and staff
Half course (spring term). M., W., sections at 4–5:30 or 5–6:30. EXAM GROUP: 9
Development of reading proficiency for students with little or no knowledge of German. Emphasizes translation of academic German prose into English.
Note: Not open to auditors.

German 50a. Masterpieces of 19th-Century German Literature
Catalog Number: 3213
Sylvia Rieger
Half course (fall term). Tu., Th., 10–11:30. EXAM GROUP: 12, 13
This course introduces students to fiction, poetry, and drama of the 19th century. We will study representative authors of this epoch within the framework of major historical developments, social contexts, and central literary “movements.” Through close readings of texts in a variety of literary genres by such authors as Tieck, Hoffmann, Bettina von Arnim, Büchner, Heine, Droste-Hülshoff, Stifter, Hauptmann, Fontane, and Thomas Mann, the course aims at improving reading competence.
Note: Conducted in German.
Prerequisite: Satisfaction of the language requirement, equivalent preparation, or permission of the instructor.

German 50b. Masterpieces of 20th-Century German Literature
Catalog Number: 5412
Sylvia Rieger
Half course (spring term). Tu., Th., 10–11:30. EXAM GROUP: 12, 13
In this course we will study influential literary works, films, and main “periods” of the 20th century in their historical framework. Through close readings of works by Schnitzler, Freud, Lasker-Schüler, Celan, Walser, Wolf, Jelinek, Schulze, and others, the course aims at improving writing and reading competence. Films by Lang, Herzog, Fassbinder, Dörrie, Wenders, Tykwer, Arslan, and others.
Note: Conducted in German.
Prerequisite: Satisfaction of the language requirement, equivalent preparation, or permission of the instructor. German 50a is not a prerequisite for 50b.

German 60 (formerly German 60a). Berlin Since 1989: An Advanced Reading, Writing, and Conversation Course
Catalog Number: 1807
Sylvia Rieger
Half course (fall term). M., W., F., sections at 10 or 12. EXAM GROUP: 3
Using a broad array of literary and non-literary texts, we will look at the changes that have shaped Berlin since 1989. Topics of discussion include politics in the unified capital, architectural metamorphoses, east-west German relations, minorities, film portrayals of Berlin, and the theater and music scene. Materials drawn from Internet and hyper-multimedia resources. Strong class participation expected and encouraged in the form of group projects.
Note: Conducted in German. Pass/Fail option not available.
Prerequisite: An honor grade in German C, German D, Foreign Cultures 23, or permission of the instructor.

German 65. Wirtschaftsdeutsch
Catalog Number: 2678
Charles P. Lutcavage
Half course (spring term). M., W., F., at 12. EXAM GROUP: 5
An advanced language course that focuses on communication and writing skills for a business environment. Attention to specialized vocabulary as well as cultural and political issues (e.g., German unification and the European Union) relevant to conducting business in the German-speaking world. Writing practice includes business correspondence and job applications. Articles from the German-language press together with videos and the Internet provide an up-to-date look at the contemporary economic and business scene in Germany, Austria, and the rest of Europe.
Note: Conducted in German. Pass/Fail option not available. Not open to auditors.
Prerequisite: German 60a, equivalent preparation, or permission of the instructor.

*German 91r. Supervised Reading and Research
Catalog Number: 1059
Kristin Kopp and members of the Department
Half course (fall term; repeated spring term). Hours to be arranged.
Advanced reading in topics not covered in regular courses.
Note: Permission of the Head Tutor is required.

*German 97hf. Tutorial — Sophomore Year
Catalog Number: 1774
Sylvia Rieger
Half course (throughout the year). Hours to be arranged.
Introduction to German literary and cultural history and to the analysis of poetry, drama, narrative, film, and painting.
Note: Required of all concentrators.

*German 99. Tutorial — Senior Year
Catalog Number: 3286
Kristin Kopp and members of the Department
Full course. Hours to be arranged.
Note: Open to concentrators writing an honors thesis under faculty supervision. Students are expected to enroll for the entire year. Permission of the Head Tutor is required.

Cross-listed Courses

*Freshman Seminar 35. "Are We Alone?": The Idea of Extraterrestrial Intelligence from the Scientific Revolution to Modern Science Fiction
Yiddish A. Elementary Yiddish

For Undergraduates and Graduates

[German 110. Baroque]
Catalog Number: 8078
Peter J. Burgard
Half course (fall term). Hours to be arranged.
Examines the literature and poetics of the German Baroque as well as the art of the European Baroque. Discussions of poetry, drama, and narrative address not only general questions of historical context and literary form, but also issues specific to the age. Focuses on questions of identity and excess, which are introduced via consideration of European Baroque art. Readings include Fleming, Greiffenberg, Grimmelshausen, Gryphius, Harsdörffer, Hofmannswaldau, Kuhlmann, Logau, Lohenstein, Opitz, Silesius, Zesen. Artists considered include Bernini, Borromini, Caravaggio, Carracci, Rubens, Velázquez.
Note: Expected to be given in 2003–04. Readings in German, discussions in English.

[German 120. The Age of Goethe]
Catalog Number: 5099
Karl S. Guthke
Half course (spring term). Hours to be arranged.
Major writers and movements from the middle of the 18th to the beginning of the 19th century. Lessing, Herder, Goethe, Schiller, and others. Reading list is flexible to accommodate students’ needs and interests.
Note: Expected to be given in 2002–03. Readings in German, lectures and discussions in English.

German 126. The Brothers Grimm and Their Cultural Legacy
Catalog Number: 6162
Maria Tatar
Half course (fall term). Tu., 2–4. EXAM GROUP: 16, 17
Examines the folktales collected and edited by the Brothers Grimm and explores the dissemination of the tales in literary cultures. We will also investigate interpretive approaches to the stories, study psychological effects, and consider other national collections, along with the rich visual culture associated with fairy tales.
Note: Expected to be omitted in 2002–03. Readings in German, discussions in English.

German 147. Nietzsche
Catalog Number: 6994
Peter J. Burgard
Half course (spring term). Th., 2–4. EXAM GROUP: 16, 17
Readings and discussions of Nietzsche’s major works (in translation), including The Birth of Tragedy, Untimely Meditations, Human, All Too Human, The Gay Science, Thus Spoke Zarathustra, Beyond Good and Evil, The Genealogy of Morals, Twilight of the Idols, The Antichrist, Ecce Homo, and The Will to Power.
Note: Expected to be omitted in 2002-03. No knowledge of German required. All readings and discussions in English.

[German 148. Freud]
Catalog Number: 5403
Peter J. Burgard
Half course (spring term). Hours to be arranged.
Readings of Freud’s major works (in translation) and discussion of the questions they raise for life today, for our concept of culture, and for the way we understand ourselves. Readings include The Interpretation of Dreams, The Psychopathology of Everyday Life, Jokes and Their Relation to the Unconscious, Three Essays on the Theory of Sexuality, Totem and Taboo, Beyond the Pleasure Principle, Group Psychology and the Analysis of the Ego, The Ego and the Id, Civilization and Its Discontents, and various of his lectures, essays, and case studies.
Note: Expected to be given in 2002–03. No knowledge of German required. All readings and discussions in English; German concentrators read the majority of texts in the original.

[German 154. Introduction to German Film Studies]
Catalog Number: 5782
Eric Rentschler
Half course (fall term). Hours to be arranged.
An intensive introduction to the study of German film, the course offers in equal measure survey appreciations of German film history as well as in-depth analyses of representative film texts. We will consider film’s relationships to literature and the other arts, questions of narrative, genre, and authorship as well as the dynamic interactions between film history and social history. We will also open films up to perspectives offered by classical and contemporary film theorists and critics. Films to be studied include representative features and documentaries by Wiene, Lang, Murnau, Pabst, Riefenstahl, Staudte, Fassbinder, Herzog, Wenders, Dörrie, and others.
Note: Expected to be given in 2002–03. No knowledge of German required. All readings and discussions in English.

German 170. Goethe’s Faust
Catalog Number: 1246
Karl S. Guthke
Half course (fall term). Th., 2–4. EXAM GROUP: 16, 17
Close analytical reading of parts I and II in the context of cultural and intellectual history. Major controversies over the interpretation of significant features of the work will be discussed.
Note: Expected to be omitted in 2002-03. Readings in German, discussions in English.

[German 182. Modern Drama]
Catalog Number: 9310
Peter J. Burgard
Half course (fall term). Hours to be arranged.
Examines modern drama from Ibsen to Jelinek, tracing its structural transformations and devoting particular attention to the changing relation between the dramatic text, the idea of theater, and the stage itself. Works by Ibsen, Schnitzler, Kaiser, Pirandello, Brecht, Ionesco, Artaud, Beckett, Dürrenmatt, Handke, Weiss, Müller, Wilson, and Jelinek.
Note: Expected to be given in 2002–03. No knowledge of German required. All readings and discussions in English; German concentrators read the majority of texts in the original.

[German 190. The Modern German Novel ]
Catalog Number: 4870
Judith Ryan
Half course (fall term). Hours to be arranged.
Explores the fictional representation of German social reality during the period 1900–1933. Examines the interaction of family and national traditions, individual psychology and the modern technological world, artistic production and political forces, male and female modes of identity formation, nostalgia for home and the pull of the exotic. Authors treated include Thomas Mann, Gabriele Reuter, Hermann Hesse, Franziska zu Reventlow, Hermann Broch, and Arnold Zweig.
Note: Expected to be given in 2003–04. Readings in German, discussions in English.

German 193. Stylistic Studies and Expository Writing
Catalog Number: 6370
Karl S. Guthke
Half course (spring term). W., 4–6. EXAM GROUP: 8, 9
Close analysis and informal discussion of the style and significance of very short keynote literary and cultural texts, followed by various types of written work (one page per week). Designed to develop appreciation of specific stylistic qualities and cultural implications of representative literary works and of the finer nuances of the German language. Authors: Luther, Goethe, Brentano, Brothers Grimm, Heine, C. F. Meyer, G. Keller, Fontane, Wedekind, Morgenstern, W. Busch, Schnitzler, Hofmannsthal, Rilke, Hesse, Thomas Mann, Brecht, Enzensberger, Johnson, Grass, and others.
Note: Conducted in German. Required of concentrators in German literature.
Prerequisite: Completion of German 60 or permission of the instructor.

German 195. Multicultural Germany: Negotiating the Turkish-German Minority
Catalog Number: 7679
Kristin Kopp
Half course (spring term). M., W., F., at 11. EXAM GROUP: 4
The course will investigate a wide range of responses—both the reactionary forces of xenophobic exclusions and the developing practices of cultural inclusion—to the challenge of integrating Turkish-Germans into German culture and society. Using literature, film, popular music, and the press, we will examine important moments in the history of this struggle.
Note: Expected to be omitted in 2002–03. Readings and discussions in German.

Cross-listed Courses

[Comparative Literature 151. The Faust Legend in Literature]
[Comparative Literature 167. Contemporary Fiction: The Novel After Theory]
*Folklore and Mythology 90 (formerly *Folklore and Mythology 90a). Fairy Tales and Literary Culture
Foreign Cultures 30. Forging a Nation: German Culture from Luther to Kant and Beyond
Foreign Cultures 32. Jugend gegen Hitler
[Foreign Cultures 76. Mass Culture in Nazi Germany: The Power of Images and Illusions]
Historical Study A-76. Germany 1871–1990: From Unification to Reunification
[*History 1476. Enlightenment and Dialectic: Conference Course]
[History 1485. Weimar Intellectuals and the Challenge of Modernity: Conference Course]
[Literature and Arts A-16. Lives Ruined by Literature: The Theme of Reading in the Novel]
Literature and Arts A-18. Fairy Tales, Children’s Literature, and the Construction of Childhood
Literature and Arts B-65. Music in Fin-de-siècle Vienna: The Origins of Modernism
Literature and Arts C-25. The Medieval Stage
Literature and Arts C-43. The Medieval Court
[Literature and Arts C-67. The German Colonial Imagination]
[Visual and Environmental Studies 157ar. New German Cinema: Oppositional Energies and Utopian Designs]
Visual and Environmental Studies 157br. Film Authorship and Film History: The Cinema of Fritz Lang
[Yiddish 102r. Modern Yiddish Literature I]

Primarily for Graduates

German 221. Goethe: Seminar
Catalog Number: 7666
Peter J. Burgard
Half course (spring term). M., 2–4. EXAM GROUP: 7, 8
Examines selected major works not only to gain an understanding of Goethe’s oeuvre and the reasons for its influence on subsequent generations, but also to trace the playfully subversive disposition and textual practice of a writer who has traditionally been appropriated as a spokesman for aesthetic conservatism and reaction.
Note: Expected to be omitted in 2002–03. Readings in German, discussions in English.

German 226r. Georg Büchner: Proseminar
Catalog Number: 1720
Karl S. Guthke
Half course (fall term). M., 2–4. EXAM GROUP: 7, 8
Introduces methods of literary research, bibliographic tools, and preparation of research papers.
Note: Open to qualified undergraduates.

German 244. Readings in Film Theory
Catalog Number: 6388
Eric Rentschler
Half course (fall term). Tu., Th., at 1. EXAM GROUP: 15
Explores classical film theory, from the formalist perspectives of Arnheim and Eisenstein to critical assessments of cinema’s potential by Balázs, Kracauer, Benjamin, and Adorno. We will also contemplate the pertinence of these contributions for recent discussions about gender, spectatorship, and modern culture’s primacy of the visual as well as the ideological effects of mass-produced sights and sounds.
Note: Expected to be omitted in 2002–03. Expected to be omitted in 2002-03. Course conducted in English. Readings in English; students with German-language proficiency read texts in the original.

[German 250. Cultural Studies and the Literary Text]
Catalog Number: 1364
Maria Tatar
Half course (fall term). Hours to be arranged.
By focusing on problems such as identity formation, violence, gender, and sexuality, this course will situate literary texts in their cultural contexts and identify the ideological issues at stake in representational practices. Authors include Wedekind, Schnitzler, Hofmannsthal, Thomas Mann, Heinrich Mann, Döblin, Brecht, Grass, and Süsskind.
Note: Expected to be given in 2002–03. Readings in German, discussions in English.

[German 272. Gerhart Hauptmann’s Major Plays: Seminar]
Catalog Number: 4547
Karl S. Guthke
Half course (spring term). Hours to be arranged.
Discussion of about eight plays in their social and cultural contexts.
Note: Expected to be given in 2002–03.

[German 282. Poetry After Auschwitz: Seminar]
Catalog Number: 0379
Judith Ryan
Half course (spring term). Hours to be arranged.
Engaging with Adorno’s famous dictum about “poetry after Auschwitz” and related theoretical readings, the course focuses on lyric poetry in three periods: immediately following 1945, at the time of the Frankfurt Auschwitz trial in 1964, and in the present day. Poets include Celan, Sachs, Bobrowski, Kaschnitz, Grass, Bienek, Ausländer, and Grünbein.
Note: Expected to be given in 2003–04. Readings in German (good knowledge of German essential).

German 288. German Novels of the 1990s
Catalog Number: 8467
Judith Ryan
Half course (spring term). W., 2–4. EXAM GROUP: 7, 8
A study of German novels since unification, viewed within their social and cultural context and against the backdrop of contemporary literary theory. Authors include Beyer, Brussig, Demski, Drawert, Hein, Hilbig, Ortheil, Maron, Stadler, Walser, and Wolf.
Note: Expected to be omitted in 2002–03. Readings in German, discussions in English.

Cross-listed Courses

Comparative Literature 208. Experience and Expression: Seminar
Comparative Literature 215. Melopoeia: On German Music and Letters: Seminar

Graduate Courses of Reading and Research

*German 300. Special Reading Programs and Research Problems for Advanced Students
Catalog Number: 3646
Peter J. Burgard 2217, Karl S. Guthke 1715, Kristin Kopp 4133, Eric Rentschler 2325, Judith Ryan 1135 (on leave fall term), Eckehard Simon 2670, and Maria Tatar 3645

Cross-listed Courses

Germanic Philology

Primarily for Graduates

Germanic Philology 200. Introduction to Middle High German
Catalog Number: 4639
Eckehard Simon
Half course (fall term). M., W., (F.), at 1. EXAM GROUP: 6
Teaches reading knowledge of Middle High German through grammar study, translation, and explication of short literary and cultural texts. Introduces minnesong and major narrative works of the courtly period (1170—1250): Nibelungenlied, Hartmann’s Iwein, Gottfried’s Tristan, Wolfram’s Parzival. Some work with manuscripts and bookhands.
Note: Open to graduate students from other departments who wish to learn to read medieval and early modern German for research.
Prerequisite: A reading knowledge of German.

Germanic Philology 225. History of the German Language
Catalog Number: 5192
Eckehard Simon
Half course (spring term). M., W., (F.), at 1. EXAM GROUP: 6
A cultural history of the German language, from pre-literate Germanic dialects to the present. The relationship between spoken and written German. Close reading and philological analysis of representative texts, handwritten and printed, from all periods.
Prerequisite: A reading knowledge of German.

[Germanic Philology 280. Teaching Methods for Language Courses]
Catalog Number: 5944
Charles P. Lutcavage
Half course (fall term). Hours to be aranged.
An introduction to teaching methods for introductory and intermediate German language courses. Emphasis on development of practical skills for classroom instruction.
Note: Expected to be given in 2002–03.

Graduate Courses of Reading and Research

*Germanic Philology 300. Special Reading Programs and Research Problems for Advanced Students
Catalog Number: 1045
Joseph C. Harris 1089, Jay H. Jasanoff 1661 (on leave spring term), Stephen A. Mitchell 7056, and Eckehard Simon 2670

Cross-listed Courses

English 101. The History and Structure of the English Language
[*English 202. Introduction to Runology]
[*English 207n. Workshop in Old English and Old Norse]
Linguistics 110. Introduction to Linguistics
[Linguistics 168. Introduction to Germanic Linguistics]
[Linguistics 247. Topics in Germanic Linguistics]
Yiddish 105. Yiddish Language and Linguistic Theory

Dutch

For Undergraduates and Graduates

[Dutch Aa (formerly Dutch A). Elementary Dutch]
Catalog Number: 7660
Charles P. Lutcavage
Half course (spring term). Hours to be arranged.
An introduction to Dutch, focusing on speaking, listening, reading, and writing skills. Class sessions emphasize the development of basic oral proficiency. Essentials of grammar and selected readings.
Note: Expected to be given in 2002–03. Dutch Aa may not be taken to satisfy the language requirement. Not open to auditors.

Scandinavian

Primarily for Undergraduates

Danish A (formerly Scandinavian C). Introduction to Danish Language and Literature
Catalog Number: 1861
Stephen A. Mitchell
Full course (indivisible). Fall: M. through Th., at 10; Spring: M. through Th., at 9. EXAM GROUP: 2, 11
An introductory course in modern Danish for students with little or no previous knowledge of the language. In the first term the emphasis is on oral expression and listening comprehension; in the spring term there is additional emphasis on reading and writing skills. Danish literature is introduced through short stories, poems, and newspaper articles. Videos, films, and the Internet provide supplementary material for discussion of current events and Danish culture.
Note: The first half of this course may not be taken as a half course for credit toward the A.B. degree. May not be taken Pass/Fail. Not open to auditors.

*Scandinavian 91r. Supervised Reading and Research
Catalog Number: 7308
Stephen A. Mitchell and members of the Department
Half course (fall term; repeated spring term). Hours to be arranged.
Advanced reading in topics not covered in regular courses.
Note: Permission of the Head Tutor is required.

*Scandinavian 97. Tutorial — Sophomore Year
Catalog Number: 1592
Stephen A. Mitchell and members of the Department
Half course (fall term; repeated spring term). Hours to be arranged.
Group or individual tutorial designed to supplement course work and acquaint students with appropriate analytical methods.
Note: Open to concentrators in the Scandinavian option. Permission of the Head Tutor is required.

*Scandinavian 98. Tutorial — Junior Year
Catalog Number: 4255
Stephen A. Mitchell and members of the Department
Half course (fall term; repeated spring term). Hours to be arranged.
Group or individual tutorial designed to supplement course work and to develop analytical techniques.
Note: Permission of the Head Tutor is required.

*Scandinavian 99. Tutorial — Senior Year
Catalog Number: 5542
Stephen A. Mitchell and members of the Department
Full course. Hours to be arranged.
Note: Open to concentrators writing an honors thesis under faculty supervision. Students are expected to enroll for the entire year. Permission of the Head Tutor is required.

Swedish A. Introduction to Swedish Language and Literature
Catalog Number: 7438
Annette Johansson-Los
Full course (indivisible). M. through Th., at 12. EXAM GROUP: 5, 14
Concentration on listening comprehension, oral expression, and elementary reading and writing skills. Spring term: emphasis on more advanced conversational skills and introducing Swedish culture and civilization through selected articles and videos.
Note: The first half of this course may not be taken as a half course for credit toward the A.B. degree. Not open to auditors.

Swedish Ba. Intermediate Swedish
Catalog Number: 3104
Annette Johansson-Los
Half course (fall term). M., W., at 1, and one hour to be arranged. EXAM GROUP: 6
Review of the essentials of Swedish grammar and development of vocabulary. Readings in modern Swedish literature are selected to encourage class discussion and to improve the student’s speaking and writing skills. Authors include Hjalmar Söderberg, Selma Lagerlöf, and Ingmar Bergman.
Note: Conducted in Swedish. Not open to auditors.
Prerequisite: Swedish A or equivalent.

Swedish Bb. Intermediate Swedish
Catalog Number: 3405
Annette Johansson-Los
Half course (spring term). M., W., at 1, and one hour to be arranged. EXAM GROUP: 6
Continuation of Swedish Ba. Readings from works in classical and modern Swedish literature and other texts of cultural and social interest. Authors include August Strindberg, Pär Lagerkvist, Carl Michael Bellman, Tomas Tranströmer, and Vilhelm Moberg.
Note: Conducted in Swedish. Not open to auditors.
Prerequisite: Swedish Ba or equivalent.

Cross-listed Courses

*Folklore and Mythology 166. Witchcraft and Hostile Magic in the Later Middle Ages
[Foreign Cultures 78. Culture-Building and the Emergence of Modern Scandinavia]
Literature and Arts A-78. The Vikings and the Nordic Heroic Tradition
[Religion 1528. Globalization and Human Values: Envisioning World Community]

Primarily for Graduates

*Scandinavian 200a. Introduction to Old Norse
Catalog Number: 3622
Joseph C. Harris
Half course (fall term). Tu., Th., 11:30–1. EXAM GROUP: 13, 14
The grammar of Old Norse (primarily Old Icelandic). Readings from a wide variety of medieval West and East Norse texts: runic inscriptions, sagas, histories, and eddic poems. Course guarantee: proficiency in reading by winter recess.
Note: Open to qualified undergraduates.

Scandinavian 200br. Old Norse Literature: Edda and Saga
Catalog Number: 2021
Joseph C. Harris
Half course (spring term). Th., 2–5. EXAM GROUP: 16, 17, 18
A continuation of Scandinavian 200a (or equivalent). Readings in eddic and skaldic poetry and in the saga literature. Special attention will be given to short-story genres.
Note: Open to qualified undergraduates with permission of the instructor.

Graduate Courses of Reading and Research

*Scandinavian 300. Special Reading Programs and Research Problems for Advanced Students
Catalog Number: 1708
Joseph C. Harris 1089 and Stephen A. Mitchell 7056
Half course (fall term; repeated spring term). Hours to be arranged.