Engineering Sciences

Faculty of the Division of Engineering and Applied Sciences Offering Instruction in Engineering Sciences

Frederick H. Abernathy, Gordon McKay Professor of Mechanical Engineering and Abbott and James Lawrence Professor of Engineering
Donald G. M. Anderson, Gordon McKay Professor of Applied Mathematics
Michael J. Aziz, Gordon McKay Professor of Materials Science
Ana P. Barros, Associate Professor of Environmental Engineering on the Gordon McKay Endowment
Michael S. Brandstein, Assistant Professor of Electrical Engineering on the Gordon McKay Endowment (Co-Director of Undergraduate Studies)
Roger W. Brockett, An Wang Professor of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science
James N. Butler, Gordon McKay Professor of Applied Chemistry (on leave fall term)
Brian F. Farrell, Robert P. Burden Professor of Meteorology
Joseph J. Harrington, Gordon McKay Professor of Environmental Engineering (FAS), Professor of Environmental Health Engineering (Public Health)
Lene V. Hau, Gordon McKay Professor of Applied Physics and Profesor of Physics
Yu-Chi Ho, T. Jefferson Coolidge Professor of Applied Mathematics and Gordon McKay Professor of Engineering
Robert D. Howe, Gordon McKay Professor of Engineering
John W. Hutchinson, Gordon McKay Professor of Applied Mechanics (Co-Director of Undergraduate Studies, Associate Dean of Academic Programs in the Division of Engineering and Applied Sciences)
Daniel J. Jacob, Gordon McKay Professor of Atmospheric Chemistry and Environmental Engineering
R. Victor Jones, Robert L. Wallace Professor of Applied Physics
Aleksandar Kavcic, Assistant Professor of Electrical Engineering on the Gordon McKay Endowment
Richard E. Kronauer, Gordon McKay Professor of Mechanical Engineering
H. T. Kung, William H. Gates Professor of Computer Science and Electrical Engineering
Ralph Mitchell, Gordon McKay Professor of Applied Biology (on leave spring term)
Venkatesh Narayanamurti, John A. and Elizabeth S. Armstrong Professor of Engineering and Applied Sciences (Dean of the Division of Engineering and Applied Sciences)
Alfred A. Pandiscio, Senior Lecturer on Electronics on the Gordon McKay Endowment
James R. Rice, Gordon McKay Professor of Engineering Sciences and Geophysics (on leave fall term)
Peter P. Rogers, Gordon McKay Professor of Environmental Engineering
Irvin C. Schick, Lecturer on Engineering Sciences
Frans A. Spaepen, Gordon McKay Professor of Applied Physics
Garrett B. Stanley, Assistant Professor of Biomedical Engineering on the Gordon McKay Endowment
Howard A. Stone, Gordon McKay Professor of Chemical Engineering and Applied Mechanics
Steven C. Wofsy, Abbot Lawrence Rotch Professor of Atmospheric and Environmental Science, Associate of the Harvard Forest
Woodward Yang, Gordon McKay Professor of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science

Other Faculty Offering Instruction in Engineering Sciences

Jack T. Dennerlein, Assistant Professor of Ergonomics and Safety (Public Health)
Richard Wilson, Mallinckrodt Professor of Physics

The Division of Engineering and Applied Sciences offers undergraduate and graduate courses in Applied Mathematics, Applied Physics, Computer Science, Earth and Planetary Sciences, and Engineering Sciences. Recommended curricula may be obtained from the Academic Office, Pierce Hall 212b. Division faculty also offer several courses in the section entitled General Education Electives.

For information concerning concentration in Engineering Sciences, please consult the Co-Directors of Undergraduate Studies or the Academic Office, Division of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Pierce Hall 212b.

Primarily for Undergraduates

Engineering Sciences 50. Digital Electronics in Scientific Experimentation
Catalog Number: 4499
Alfred A. Pandiscio
Half course (fall term). Tu., Th., 10–11:30. EXAM GROUP: 13
Intended to give students in laboratory sciences and students contemplating a concentration in electronics a thorough grounding in the concepts and language of digital electronics as well as some experience applying these concepts in practice. Topics include analysis and design of combinational logic circuits, sequential logic circuits, state machines, programmable logic devices, and the essentials of analog signal conditioning techniques. “Hands-on” experience in the use of integrated circuits is provided by a combination of experiments done with a take-home lab kit, and some exercises using laboratory equipment and computers. A miniproject is assigned during the reading period.
Note: Some experience in a laboratory science is helpful but not required.

Engineering Sciences 51. A Computer-Aided Design Approach to Engineering
Catalog Number: 0322
Roger W. Brockett
Half course (spring term). M., W., F., at 1. EXAM GROUP: 6
A first course in the design and construction of mechanical and electromechanical devices. Computational structures and algorithms for the representation and manipulation of geometrical data. Introduction to materials selections as applied to structural designs, including stress-strain analysis, thermal stresses, analysis, etc. Design of two-dimensional mechanisms; related rates, mechanical advantage. Computer controlled machine tools and their control languages; the speed and precision of machine tool operations. Designing to minimize vibration, wear, and noise; designing for reliability and longevity. Emphasis on laboratory work and individual design projects carried out using numerically controlled machine tools.
Note: An introductory engineering design course open to freshmen, sophomores, and juniors. May not be taken concurrently with other engineering design courses.
Prerequisite: Mathematics 1b (may be taken concurrently); high school physics; experience with some programming language.

*Engineering Sciences 91r. Supervised Reading and Research
Catalog Number: 1113
Michael S. Brandstein and John W. Hutchinson
Half course (fall term; repeated spring term). Hours to be arranged.
Guided reading and research.
Note: Normally open to candidates accepted for work on a specific topic by a member of the teaching staff of the Division of Engineering and Applied Sciences. Normally may not be taken for more than two terms; may be counted for concentration in Engineering Sciences if taken for graded credit. Applicants should file a project sheet before study cards are filed. Project sheets may be obtained from the Academic Office, Pierce Hall 212b.

*Engineering Sciences 96. Engineering Design Projects
Catalog Number: 8461 Enrollment: Limited to 25
Frederick H. Abernathy and Woodward Yang
Half course (spring term). M., Th., 2–4.
Group project selected to provide experience in the processes and practice of engineering design. It is the central activity of a design seminar which, ordinarily, is taken in the spring term of the junior year.
Note: Preference given to S.B. candidates.

For Undergraduates and Graduates

*Engineering Sciences 100. Engineering Design Projects
Catalog Number: 4268
Robert D. Howe
Half course (fall term; repeated spring term). Th., 4–6. EXAM GROUP: 18
Individual design projects selected to provide experience in the processes and practice of engineering design. Requires proficiency in electronic circuit construction as well as mechanical materials fabrication techniques.
Note: Ordinarily taken in the senior year. This one semester version of *Engineering Sciences 100hf open only to students in special circumstances. Enrolled students are required to file a proposed project form with the Academic Office early in the term. Project forms are available in Pierce Hall 212b. Project approval rests with the faculty Engineering Design Review Board.
Prerequisite: *Engineering Sciences 96.

*Engineering Sciences 100hf. Engineering Design Projects
Catalog Number: 7535
Robert D. Howe
Half course (throughout the year). Th., 4–6. EXAM GROUP: 18
Individual design projects selected to provide experience in the processes and practice of engineering design. Requires proficiency in electronic circuit construction as well as mechanical fabrication techniques.
Note: Ordinarily taken in the senior year. Enrolled students are required to file a proposed project form with the Academic Office early in the term. Project forms are available in Pierce Hall 212b. Project approval rests with the faculty Engineering Design Review Board.
Prerequisite: *Engineering Sciences 96.

Engineering Sciences 101. Applied Statistics
Catalog Number: 3350
Joseph J. Harrington
Half course (fall term). M., W., 2–3:30. EXAM GROUP: 7
Survey course for students in the applied sciences. Probability, statistical inference, estimation and stochastic processes introduced through the solution of several problems in applied science (e.g., environmental sciences, decision analysis, chemical kinetics, fluid and solid mechanics, and oceanography). Generation, manipulation and display of data bases, parameter estimation, choice among models, multivariate analyses, and robustness. Computer exercises will be required.
Note: No previous knowledge of statistics or probability is presumed.
Prerequisite: Applied Mathematics 21b or Mathematics 21b or equivalent.

Engineering Sciences 102. Introduction to Operations Research
Catalog Number: 2844
Irvin C. Schick
Half course (spring term). M., W., 4:30–6. EXAM GROUP: 19
Introduction to analytical and numerical methods for optimization of deterministic and stochastic systems; survey of linear and nonlinear programming, game theory, decision analysis, Markov chains, queuing theory and simulation. Examples taken from a variety of fields. A conceptual introduction to materials covered in depth in Engineering Sciences 201, 202, 205, 208, 210. Segments of the weekly problem sets can be done on PCs, if desired.
Note: Students who have no background in probability should be prepared to do some extra work. Some PC experience useful but not necessary.
Prerequisite: Applied Mathematics 21b or Mathematics 21b and some knowledge of probability and statistics at the level of Statistics 110 or Engineering Sciences 101.

Engineering Sciences 120. Introduction to the Mechanics of Solids
Catalog Number: 1493
James R. Rice
Half course (spring term). M., W., F., at 10. EXAM GROUP: 3
A first course in the mechanical sciences which explains how materials and structures stretch, bend, twist, shake, buckle, and break. Forces in machines and statically determinate structures. Stress-strain behavior of structural materials. Statically indeterminate structures. Engineering beam theory with applications to beam deflections, vibrations, and buckling. Energy and virtual work methods for structures. Multiaxial stress and strain. Stress concentration; introduction to fatigue and fracture of engineering materials. Four or five laboratory sessions required.
Prerequisite: Physics 11a or 15a, and Applied Mathematics 21a or Mathematics 21a (previously) and Applied Mathematics 21b or Mathematics 21b (previously or concurrently).

Engineering Sciences 123. Introduction to Fluid Mechanics
Catalog Number: 8323
Igor Mezic
Half course (spring term). Tu., Th., 1–2:30, and laboratory. EXAM GROUP: 15, 16
Statics and dynamics of fluids. Buoyancy, stability, and hydrostatics. Laminar viscous flows, simple boundary layers. Dimensional analysis. Potential flows, origin of lift. Gravity waves, open channel flow. Navier-Stokes equation, Reynolds’ stress, turbulent flows in boundary layers and pipes. Applications in mechanical and chemical engineering, aerodynamics, etc.
Prerequisite: Applied Mathematics 21a,b or Mathematics 21a,b; Engineering Sciences 120 and Applied Mathematics 105a or 105b recommended.

Engineering Sciences 125. Mechanical Systems
Catalog Number: 7274
Frederick H. Abernathy
Half course (fall term). M., W., F., at 1. EXAM GROUP: 6
Modeling and analysis of mechanical and electromechanical systems. Topics include resonance, damping, frequency response, Laplace transform methods, Lagrange’s equations, multiple degree-of-freedom systems, and rigid body rotations. Computer exercises on simulation of linear and nonlinear dynamic systems. Laboratory: experiments on vibration, stabilization, and complex dynamical system using modern electronic instrumentation and data reduction systems. Computer simulations of a few systems will become laboratory exercises.
Note: May not be taken for credit in addition to Physics 151.
Prerequisite: Applied Mathematics 21a,b or Mathematics 21a,b or Mathematics 22a,b; Physics 11a or 15a.

[Engineering Sciences 128. Computational Solid and Structural Mechanics]
Catalog Number: 0359
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Half course (fall term). Hours to be arranged.
Continuation of Engineering Sciences 120 in which continuum mechanics principles are developed at an intermediate level and implemented by computer, using the finite-element method, to solve problems of stressing, deformation, and motion of solid materials and structures. New concepts include plane stress and strain fields and introductions to wave propagation, vibrations, plate and shell structures, fracture mechanics, and creep and plasticity under general stress states. In computational work students develop simple finite-element analyses for beam structures and two-dimensional stress systems, using the general-purpose program ABAQUS, and do a project addressing a significant problem arising in mechanical, structural or materials engineering, biomechanics, or earth science.
Note: Expected to be given in 2000–01.
Prerequisite: Engineering Sciences 120.

Engineering Sciences 145. Introduction to Systems Analysis with Physiological Applications
Catalog Number: 8197
Jack T. Dennerlein and Garrett B. Stanley
Half course (fall term). Tu., Th., 1–2:30. EXAM GROUP: 15
A survey of systems theory with applications from bioengineering and physiology. Analysis: modeling real systems as discrete elements; nonlinear systems, the complementary nature of time and frequency methods; feedback; stability; biological oscillations. Applications: muscle dynamics and nerve function, cardiovascular regulation. Laboratory: use of the analog computer including neural models; feedback control systems; properties of frog muscle; cardiovascular function.
Prerequisite: Applied Mathematics 21b or Mathematics 21b or equivalent.

Engineering Sciences 148. Bioelectric Signals and Their Processing in Neural Networks
Catalog Number: 0495
Richard E. Kronauer and guest lecturers
Half course (spring term). Tu., Th., 10–11:30, with a third hour to be arranged. EXAM GROUP: 12, 13
Examines the generation, transmission, and processing of signals in single nerve cells and in neural networks, with emphasis on physical principles and contemporary mathematical models. Develops relevant analytical techniques (network theory, random processes, differential equations). Special attention is given to the relation between physiology and psychophysics in mammalian visual systems.
Prerequisite: Applied Mathematics 21a or Mathematics 21a and physics at the level of Physics 15b. Engineering Sciences 145 is ideal preparation; Biological Sciences 25 may compensate for lesser preparation in mathematics or physics.

[Engineering Sciences 149. Muscles, Reflexes, and Locomotion]
Catalog Number: 4152
Half course (spring term). Hours to be arranged.
The neuromuscular system and its workings seen through the use of mathematical models. The muscle proteins. Muscle heat. A. F. Huxley’s mathematical model of crossbridge distribution with steady shortening. Models featuring several attached states. Theoretical models of reflex actions and their effects on walking and running. Consequences of body size. Comparison with robotic walking and running.
Note: Expected to be given in 2000–01.
Prerequisite: Engineering Sciences 145 and a knowledge of basic animal physiology.

Engineering Sciences 151. Electromagnetic Communication
Catalog Number: 5742
Aleksandar Kavcic
Half course (fall term). M., W., F., at 1, and additional laboratory section to be arranged. EXAM GROUP: 6
A study of electromagnetics which emphasizes concepts of central importance in computer and communication technology. Topics include electromagnetic properties of matter; electromagnetic wave propagation through free-space and along waveguides; transmission line analysis; ray and beam optics: the eikonal and paraxial wave equations; characteristics of receiving and transmitting antennae. Applications illustrate critical factors which affect the design and limit the performance of communication systems.
Prerequisite: Familiarity with basic electromagnetism (Physics 15b), circuit analysis (Engineering Sciences 154), and Fourier analysis (Engineering Sciences 156, 125, or Applied Mathematics 105a).

[Engineering Sciences 152. Photonics: Optical Communication and Computing]
Catalog Number: 5510
R. Victor Jones
Half course (spring term). Hours to be arranged.
Examines applications of optics and optoelectronics in information technology with particular emphasis on fiber optic communication. Topics include wave propagation through free-space, anisotropic media, glass fibers, and planar dielectrics; light generation and amplification: laser models and characteristics; modulation, switching and scanning of light; fiber optic communication systems: device considerations, architectures, performance and potentialities.
Note: Expected to be given in 2000–01.
Prerequisite: Engineering Sciences 151 or equivalent.

Engineering Sciences 154. Introduction to Electronic Circuits
Catalog Number: 6319
R. Victor Jones
Half course (fall term). Tu., Th., 10–11:30, plus labs to be arranged. EXAM GROUP: 12, 13
Presentation of basic circuit theory and electronic design. Topics include circuit analysis techniques; transient and frequency response; diode and transistor circuits; operational amplifier circuits; computer simulation of electronic circuits with SPICE. Additional laboratories illustrate techniques for measurement and design of real electronic circuits.
Prerequisite: An introduction to differential equations as in Applied Mathematics 21b or Mathematics 21b, and an introduction to electricity and magnetism as in Physics 11b or 15b.

[Engineering Sciences 155. Topics in Electronic Circuit Design]
Catalog Number: 2248
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Half course (spring term). Hours to be arranged.
Selected topics from the general areas of analog and digital electronic circuits with emphasis on the instrumentation applications of modern integrated circuits. Topics taken from the following: theory and application of operational amplifiers, analog to digital and digital to analog converters, stability analysis, oscillators, active filter design, and telecommunications systems. Laboratory work is an instrumentation project that runs throughout the semester. The project is structured to provide exposure to currently relevant integrated circuits, to a wide range of laboratory instruments, and to some of the logistical aspects of engineering design work.
Note: Expected to be given in 2000–01.
Prerequisite: Knowledge of basic circuit analysis.

Engineering Sciences 156. Signals and Systems
Catalog Number: 6284
Michael S. Brandstein
Half course (spring term). Tu., Th., 2:30–4. EXAM GROUP: 16, 17
Time and frequency domain representations and analysis of signals and systems. Convolution and linear input-output systems in continuous and discrete time. Fourier transforms and Fourier series for continuous- and discrete-time signals. Laplace and Z transforms. Analog and digital filtering. Modulation. Sampling. FFT. Applications in circuit analysis, communication, control, and computing.
Prerequisite: Applied Mathematics 21b or Mathematics 21b.

[Engineering Sciences 157. Computer Speech Generation and Recognition]
Catalog Number: 1724
Michael S. Brandstein
Half course (fall term). Hours to be arranged.
Introduction to computer speech processing and human-machine communication by speech. Acoustic theory and models for speech production. Time- and frequency-domain analysis of speech signals. Speech coding: linear prediction, vector quantization. Vocoders and text-to-speech synthesis. Theory and methodologies for computer speech recognition: dynamic pattern matching, hidden Markov models, neural networks.
Note: Expected to be given in 2000–01.
Prerequisite: Engineering Sciences 156 or permission of instructor.

Engineering Sciences 158. Digital Communications
Catalog Number: 7721
Aleksandar Kavcic
Half course (spring term). M., W., 3–4:30. EXAM GROUP: 8, 9
Examines the fundamental theories behind modern digital communication systems. Topics include: fundamental limits on communications, channel coding theorem, channel capacity theorem; baseband communications, orthagonal signal bases, matched filter receiver; digital representations of analog signals, sampling; waveform coding; baseband waveform coding; baseband waveform shaping, pulse amplitude modulation and intersymbol interference channels; digital modulation techniques; elements of error-control coding/decoding, viterbi decoding/detection; elements of spread-spectrum communications.
Prerequisite: Engineering Sciences 156 and a course in probability theory and/or statistics.

Engineering Sciences 159. Introduction to Robotics
Catalog Number: 3126
Robert D. Howe
Half course (fall term). M., W., F., at 10 and laboratory hours to be arranged. EXAM GROUP: 3
Introduction to computer-controlled robotic manipulators. Topics include coordinate frames and transformations, kinematic structure and solutions, statics and dynamics of serial chain manipulators, control and programming, robot design, and actuation and sensing devices. Laboratory exercises provide experience with industrial robot programming and robot simulation and control.
Prerequisite: Computer Science 50, and either Engineering Sciences 125 or 156.

Engineering Sciences 162. Hydrology
Catalog Number: 4163
Ana P. Barros
Half course (spring term). Tu., Th., 2:30–4. EXAM GROUP: 16, 17
Introduces hydrological principles focusing on precipitation, evapotranspiration, infiltration, groundwater, and runoff production mechanisms. Emphasis is placed on water budgets, and the linkages between land-use, soils, and vegetation and water needs for water resources assessment studies. Hydrological data collection and standard analysis are presented. Conceptual process-based, and empirical rainfall-runoff relationships are reviewed. Hydrologic planning and design methods and tools are treated in detail.
Prerequisite: Applied Mathematics 21b, or Mathematics 21b, or equivalent, and Engineering Sciences 123. Knowledge of statistics and probability are desirable. (Students who lack this background will do some extra work).

[Engineering Sciences 163. Groundwater Flow and Solute Transport]
Catalog Number: 3828
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Half course (fall term). Hours to be arranged.
Fundamentals of subsurface flow and transport, emphasizing the role of groundwater in the hydrologic cycle, the relation of groundwater flow and chemistry to geologic structure, and cleanup and containment of contaminated groundwater. Topics will include: Darcy’s law, the aquifer flow equation, recharge and evapotranspiration, unsaturated flow, contaminant transport processes, regional circulation, spatial heterogeneity, well hydraulics, and numerical groundwater models.
Note: Expected to be given in 2000–01.
Prerequisite: Calculus.

Engineering Sciences 165. Introduction to Environmental Engineering
Catalog Number: 4274
Peter P. Rogers
Half course (fall term). Tu., Th., 11:30–1. EXAM GROUP: 13, 14
Introduces engineering technologies for control of the environment and relates them to underlying scientific principles. Efficient design of environmental management facilities and systems. Cases from aquatic, terrestrial, and atmospheric environments discussed.
Note: For advanced undergraduates or graduates without background in environmental engineering.
Prerequisite: Some exposure to the material in Earth and Planetary Sciences 107 and Engineering Sciences 162 is recommended; Applied Mathematics 21a or 21b, or Mathematics 21a and 21b or equivalent mathematical background is required.

[Engineering Sciences 166. Principles of Environmental Data Analysis, Measurements, and Modeling]
Catalog Number: 3598
Steven C. Wofsy
Half course (spring term). Hours to be arranged.
An introduction to the experimental, statistical, and computational methods used in environmental research, with an emphasis on atmospheric chemistry and global biogeochemistry. Students will develop and implement computer models of natural systems and will analyze data from laboratory and field measurements using statistical and simulation methods. Applications will be taken from current research in air pollution and global change. The course will be taught partly in seminar format and will include two design projects.
Note: Expected to be given in 2000–01.
Prerequisite: An atmospheric or environmental chemistry course, such as Earth and Planetary Sciences 133 or 200, or permission of the instructor.

Engineering Sciences 167. Environmental Assessment
Catalog Number: 6885
Peter P. Rogers
Half course (spring term). Tu., Th., 11:30–1. EXAM GROUP: 13, 14
Examines the methods and approaches to environmental impact assessment currently being used and new approaches which rely on improved scaling and index development. Models of impact and indices for air, water, and land impacts will be examined using data from Asia and North America. Cost-of-remediation and environmental elasticity indicators will be examined and their use in engineering design and regulation of the environment will be assessed.
Prerequisite: Familiarity wiith the material of Earth & Planetary Sciences 107 and Engineering Sciences 162, plus economics at least at the level of Social Analysis 10.

Engineering Sciences 181. Thermodynamics and Introduction to Statistical Mechanics
Catalog Number: 3889
Michael J. Aziz
Half course (fall term). Tu., Th., 10–11:30. EXAM GROUP: 12, 13
Elements of thermodynamics from a macroscopic viewpoint; discussion of statistical thermodynamics included. Topics: empirical temperature and zeroth law, properties of pure substances, first law and internal energy, second law, entropy, Gibbs and Helmholtz free energies, flow processes, power cycles, phase equilibria, properties of solutions, statistical thermodynamics, third law, statistical basis for equations of state of gases and liquids. Laboratory included.
Prerequisite: Physics 11 or 15 and Mathematics 21; chemistry at the level of a good secondary school course, or Chemistry 5.

Engineering Sciences 190. Introduction to Materials Science
Catalog Number: 6973
Frans A. Spaepen
Half course (spring term). Tu., Th., 10–11:30. EXAM GROUP: 12, 13
Introduction to the structure and properties of materials. Bonding between atoms. Crystal structure. Diffraction and microscopy. Phase transformations: phase diagrams, diffusion, nucleation and growth. Mechanisms of deformation and fracture. Effect of microstructure on properties. Materials selection and design.
Prerequisite: Engineering Sciences 181 or equivalent, Physics 11 or 15, and Applied Mathematics 21a,b or Mathematics 21a,b.

Cross-listed Courses

[Earth and Planetary Sciences 30. Environmental Microbiology]
[Earth and Planetary Sciences 136. Marine Chemistry]

Primarily for Graduates

Additional courses of interest to graduate students in Decision, Control, and Communication include: Economics 2010a, 2010b, 2010c, 2110b, 2140a; Statistics 110, 171.
[Engineering Sciences 201. Decision Theory]
Catalog Number: 2362
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Half course (fall term). Hours to be arranged.
Mathematical analysis of decision making under uncertainty. Axiomatic derivation of subjective probability and utility. Decision trees, normal and extensive form, value of information. Bayesian inference. Comparison with classical forms of inference. Optimal sample size. Estimation and sequential decision problems. Normal and regression models. Applications to business decisions, engineering problems, sampling, etc.
Note: Expected to be given in 2000–01.
Prerequisite: Applied Mathematics 21a,b or Mathematics 21a,b, and Statistics 110 or equivalents.

Engineering Sciences 202. Estimation and Control of Dynamic Systems
Catalog Number: 5080
Roger W. Brockett
Half course (fall term). M., W., 4–5:30. EXAM GROUP: 9
Study of dynamic systems under deterministic and stochastic inputs. Calculus of variations. Maximum principle, mathematical and dynamic programming approaches to the optimization of dynamic systems. Controllability and observability, linear quadratic control synthesis, numerical methods for the solution of optimal control problems, Kalman filtering and estimation. Applications from mechanics, aerospace sciences, environmental systems, operations research, and economics.
Prerequisite: Good background in linear differential equations, matrix algebra, and introductory probability. Applied Mathematics 21a,b or Mathematics 21a,b, and Statistics 110 or equivalent.

Engineering Sciences 203. Stochastic Control
Catalog Number: 6982
Roger W. Brockett
Half course (spring term). M., W., F., at 10. EXAM GROUP: 3
Introduction to the theory of stochastic differential equations based on Wiener processes and Poisson counters, and an introduction to random fields. The formulation and solution of problems in nonlinear estimation theory. The Kalman-Bucy filter and nonlinear analogues. Identification theory. Adaptive systems. Applications.
Note: Expected to be omitted in 2000–01.
Prerequisite: Applied Mathematics 105a,b or equivalent. Some prior exposure to probability; Engineering Sciences 202 desirable but not essential.

Engineering Sciences 205. Analysis and Simulation of Discrete Event Dynamic Systems
Catalog Number: 1569
Yu-Chi Ho
Half course (spring term). W., 2:30–5:30. EXAM GROUP: 7, 8, 9
Discrete Event Dynamic Systems (DEDS) are man-made organizations such as manufacturing plants, communication networks, computer complexes, and other large operations like a metropolitan airport. Covers various models for DEDS including automata, petri-nets, min-max algebra, queuing networks, and simulation. Emphasis on techniques for performance analysis of DEDS, particularly intelligent simulation, queuing theory, and optimization.
Note: Expected to be omitted in 2000–01.
Prerequisite: Applied Mathematics 21a,b, or Mathematics 21a,b, and Statistics 110 (or equivalents). Elementary knowledge of computer programming.

[Engineering Sciences 208. Risk Assessment in Engineering and Biological Systems ]
Catalog Number: 1527
Richard Wilson and guest lecturers
Half course (fall term). Hours to be arranged.
Methods of assessing risk in systems: chemical plant failures, nuclear power plants, pollutant transport and chemical carcinogens. Different approaches historical, fault tree, and analogy—studied and compared. Statistical methodology emphasized, Bayesian analysis and stochastic models discussed, so that assessments will be useful to decision makers about risks.
Note: Expected to be given in 2000–01. Experts on specific risk problems give guest lectures.
Prerequisite: Some understanding of statistics.

[Engineering Sciences 209. Nonlinear Control Systems]
Catalog Number: 1194
Roger W. Brockett
Half course (fall term). Hours to be arranged.
The study of nonlinear input-output systems and the qualitative behavior of dynamical systems. Topics include controllability, observability, uniqueness of models, decomposition theory, asymptotic stability, periodic solutions, and strange attractors. Local and global methods of differential geometry and Lie theory developed and used as needed.
Note: Expected to be given in 2000–01.

Engineering Sciences 210. Mathematical Programming
Catalog Number: 5499
Donald G. M. Anderson
Half course (spring term). Tu., Th., 2:30–4. EXAM GROUP: 16, 17
Introduction to basic optimization techniques. Linear programming: the simplex method and related algorithms, duality theory, Karmarkar’s method. Unconstrained optimization, Kuhn-Tucker theory, nonlinear programming.
Note: Expected to be omitted in 2000–01. Offered in alternate years.
Prerequisite: Applied Mathematics 21a and 21b, or Mathematics 21a and 21b; Applied Mathematics 120, or equivalent, would be helpful, but is not required.

Engineering Sciences 215. Advanced Introduction to Systems Analysis with Physiological Applications
Catalog Number: 5493
Jack T. Dennerlein and Garrett B. Stanley
Half course (fall term). Tu., Th., 1–2:30. EXAM GROUP: 15, 16
Students are expected to meet all of the requirements of Engineering Sciences 145 and in addition are required to write a term paper with significant analytic emphasis.
Prerequisite: Applied Mathematics 21b or Mathematics 21b or equivalent.

Engineering Sciences 218. Advanced Bioelectric Signals and Their Processing in Neural Networks
Catalog Number: 7709
Richard E. Kronauer and guest lecturers
Half course (spring term). Tu., Th., 10–11:30, and a third hour to be arranged. EXAM GROUP: 12, 13
Students are expected to meet all of the requirements of Engineering Sciences 148 and in addition are required to write a term paper with significant analytic emphasis.
Prerequisite: Applied Mathematics 21a or Mathematics 21a and physics at the level of Physics 15b. Engineering Sciences 145 is ideal preparation; Biological Sciences 25 may compensate for lesser preparation in mathematics or physics.

Engineering Sciences 220. Fluid Dynamics
Catalog Number: 2759
Howard A. Stone
Half course (fall term). M., W., F., at 11. EXAM GROUP: 4
Vector and tensor calculus. Conservation laws; kinematics and constitutive equations. Exact solutions of the Navier-Stokes equations. Lubrication theory and flows at low Reynolds numbers. Potential flows and boundary layer theory. Introduction to turbulent flows and free-surface flows.
Prerequisite: Familiarity with classical mechanics, partial differential equations, and vector and tensor calculus. An undergraduate course in fluid dynamics is strongly recommended.

[Engineering Sciences 225r. Special Topics in Fluid Dynamics: Applications in Low-Reynolds-Number Hydrodynamics]
Catalog Number: 3982
Howard A. Stone
Half course (spring term). Hours to be arranged.
Current topics will center around applications of low-Reynolds-number hydrodynamics to problems of current interest in engineering, physics and chemistry. Topics to be covered include the dynamics of bubbles and drops, applications of integral equations methods for free-boundary problems involving viscous flows (and potential flows), swimming microorganisms, electrokinetics and electrophoresis, as well as some non-traditional boundary value problems that arise in applications involving either mixed boundary conditions or the biharmonic equation.
Note: Expected to be given in 2000–01.
Prerequisite: A previous graduate course in fluid dynamics is strongly recommended, e.g., Engineering Sciences 220.

Engineering Sciences 240. Solid Mechanics
Catalog Number: 2984
John W. Hutchinson
Half course (fall term). Tu., Th., 8:30–10. EXAM GROUP: 10, 11
Foundations of continuum mechanics and development of elasticity theory: conservation laws; concepts of stress and strain; theory of constitutive response; mechanical behavior of materials. Vectorial, dyadic, and tensorial form of equations. Elementary elasticity solutions for waves and vibrations; stresses due to rotation, temperature change, dislocations, and surface loading; bending and torsion; buckling instabilities. Plate theory.
Note: Expected to be omitted in 2000–01.
Prerequisite: Applied Mathematics 105a,b or equivalent; introduction to solid mechanics at the level of Engineering Sciences 120, or Earth and Planetary Sciences 166, or Applied Physics 293.

[Engineering Sciences 241. Advanced Elasticity]
Catalog Number: 6711
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Half course (spring term). Tu., Th., 1–2:30. EXAM GROUP: 15, 16
Plane elasticity and complex variable methods. Linear elastic fracture mechanics. Basic three-dimensional problems. Inclusions and inhomogeneities. Dynamic elasticity, waves. Elastic theory of composite materials and cracked bodies. Bending and buckling of plates.
Note: Expected to be given in 2000–01. Continuation of Engineering Sciences 240.
Prerequisite: Engineering Sciences 240 and Applied Mathematics 201 or equivalent.

Engineering Sciences 242r. Solid Mechanics: Advanced Seminar
Catalog Number: 5379
John W. Hutchinson and Joost Vlassak
Half course (spring term). Tu., Th., 10–11:30. EXAM GROUP: 12, 13
Topic in 1999–00: The mechanics of thin films and multilayers. Residual stresses in films and their origin. The mechanics of cracking and decohesion. Yield strength and interface toughness.
Prerequisite: Engineering Sciences 240.

[Engineering Sciences 246. Plasticity and Finite Deformation]
Catalog Number: 4271
John W. Hutchinson
Half course (fall term). Hours to be arranged.
Phenomenological theories for strain hardening materials; flow and deformation theories. Variational principles and other general theorems. Mechanisms of plastic deformation, physical theories for strain hardening materials, polycrystals. Ideal plasticity. Boundary value problems, plastic collapse, buckling of structures. Finite strain measures of stress and strain, localization instabilities, void growth mechanisms.
Note: Expected to be given in 2000–01.
Prerequisite: Engineering Sciences 240, or equivalent.

Engineering Sciences 247. Fracture Mechanics
Catalog Number: 7152
John W. Hutchinson
Half course (spring term). Tu., Th., 1–2:30. EXAM GROUP: 15, 16
Fundamentals of fracture with applications in materials and structural mechanics. Micromechanics of fracture and fatigue in ceramics, metals, and polymers. Fracture of composite materials. Interfacial fracture mechanics. Plasticity and creep effects.
Note: Expected to be omitted in 2000–01.
Prerequisite: Engineering Sciences 240 or equivalent.

[Engineering Sciences 248. Fluid Flow in the Human Body]
Catalog Number: 3278
----------
Half course (spring term). Hours to be arranged.
Principles of fluid mechanics, hydroelasticity, and wave theory important to medical physiology. Analytic descriptions of blood rheology, flow in the microcirculation, pulsatile blood flow, sounds in the cardiovascular and respiratory systems, lung mechanics, deposition of particles, peristalsis.
Note: Expected to be given in 2000–01.
Prerequisite: An introduction to partial differential equations as in Applied Mathematics 105b.

[Engineering Sciences 257. Advanced Computer Speech Generation and Recognition]
Catalog Number: 5006
Michael S. Brandstein
Half course (fall term). Hours to be arranged.
The contents and course requirements are similar to Engineering Sciences 157, with the exception that students enrolled in Engineering Sciences 257 are required to prepare a term project analyzing a specific problem or methodology of speech processing.
Note: Expected to be given in 2000–01.
Prerequisite: Engineering Sciences 156 or permission of instructor.

Engineering Sciences 258. Advanced Digital Communications
Catalog Number: 8645
Aleksandar Kavcic
Half course (spring term). M., W., 3–4:30. EXAM GROUP: 8, 9
The contents and the course requirements are similar to those of Engineering Sciences 158, with the exception that students enrolled in Engineering Sciences 258 are required to prepare a term project analyzing current research in a specific area of digital communications.
Prerequisite: Engineering Sciences 156 and a course in probability theory and/or statistics.

Engineering Sciences 259. Advanced Introduction to Robotics
Catalog Number: 3671
Robert D. Howe
Half course (fall term). M., W., F., at 10, and a laboratory section to be arranged. EXAM GROUP: 3
The contents and course requirements are similar to those of Engineering Sciences 159, with the exception that students enrolled in Engineering Sciences 259 are required to prepare a term project analyzing current research in a specific problem area within Robotics.
Prerequisite: Computer Science 50 and either Engineering Sciences 125 or 156.

Engineering Sciences 260. Engineering Systems for Environmental Control
Catalog Number: 1180
Joseph J. Harrington
Half course (spring term). M., W., F., at 10. EXAM GROUP: 3
Provision of urban water; engineering aspects of collection and disposal of spent water and solid wastes; significant interchanges between gaseous, liquid, and solid phases of the environment; geographic interchanges; time-dependent developments. Data collection and processing for monitoring and control; maintenance and operation of pollution control systems.
Note: Expected to be omitted in 2000–01. Given in alternate years.
Prerequisite: Engineering Sciences 123 or permission of instructor.

[Engineering Sciences 261. Design of Water Resource Systems]
Catalog Number: 3919
Peter P. Rogers
Half course (fall term). Hours to be arranged.
Functional design of management systems for collection, storage, conveyance, treatment, and distribution of water. Uses techniques of operations research to develop methods for planning integrated systems of dams, reservoirs, canals, pipe networks, pumps, and treatment plants. Applications in water supply, irrigation hydropower, environmental protection, and conservation of wildlife.
Note: Expected to be given in 2000–01. Given in alternate years.
Prerequisite: Applied Mathematics 21b or Mathematics 21b or equivalent.

Engineering Sciences 262r. Stochastic Methods in Hydrology and Environmental Science
Catalog Number: 5658
Peter P. Rogers and Ana P. Barros
Half course (spring term). M., 3–5. EXAM GROUP: 8, 9
Statistical methods of characterizing variability and uncertainty in environmental systems. We will begin with time series descriptions of streamflow and stochastic reservoir management. We will then discuss quantitative methods of describing spatial structure and variability and will consider assimilation of rainfall data, and estimation of soil and aquifer parameters.
Prerequisite: Engineering Sciences 101 or permission of the instructor.

[Engineering Sciences 264. Chemistry of Natural and Polluted Waters]
Catalog Number: 1838
James N. Butler
Half course (spring term). Hours to be arranged.
Chemical aspects of aqueous environmental systems, including thermodynamic, kinetic, biological, and hydrodynamic processes. Applications to water quality management, pollution control, geochemistry, oceanography.
Note: Expected to be given in 2000–01.
Prerequisite: Physical chemistry of electrolyte solutions (e.g., Chemistry 10 or Earth and Planetary Sciences 136), differential equations (e.g., Applied Mathematics 21b or Mathematics 21b), and some experience with biology and geology.

Engineering Sciences 299r. Special Topics in Engineering Sciences
Catalog Number: 6710
Venkatesh Narayanamurti
Half course (fall term; repeated spring term). Hours to be arranged.
Supervision of experimental or theoretical research on acceptable applied science problems and supervision of reading on topics not covered by regular courses of instruction.
Note: Open to graduate students and A.B./S.M. candidates only. Students must arrange such work with a member of the Division. This course is ordinarily taken with the approval of the Committee on Higher Degrees in certain cases when a letter grade is required. Applicants should file a project sheet before study cards are filed. Project sheets may be obtained from the Academic Office, Pierce Hall 212b.

Cross-listed Courses

Earth and Planetary Sciences 202. Introduction to the Dynamics of Atmospheres and Oceans

Additional courses of interest to graduate students in Environmental Science and Engineering might include courses offered at the Harvard School of Public Health.

Graduate Courses of Reading and Research

Reading courses are odd-numbered; research courses are even-numbered.
*Engineering Sciences 303,304. Topics in Electronic Materials and Semiconductor Heterostructure Physics
Catalog Number: 8668,2824
Venkatesh Narayanamurti 5445

*Engineering Sciences 305,306. Manufacturing
Catalog Number: 6157,6159
Frederick H. Abernathy 1047

*Engineering Sciences 307,308. Control Theory, Robotics, Computer Vision, and Intelligent Machines
Catalog Number: 7566,2719
Roger W. Brockett 3001

*Engineering Sciences 309,310. Design, Sensing, and Control
Catalog Number: 5043,7419
Robert D. Howe 2789

*Engineering Sciences 315,316. Computer Networks
Catalog Number: 2848,2849
H. T. Kung 3155

*Engineering Sciences 317,318. Systems and Control
Catalog Number: 5089,1030
Yu-Chi Ho 1057

*Engineering Sciences 319,320. VLSI Signal Processing
Catalog Number: 3557,2722
Woodward Yang 2790

*Engineering Sciences 321,322. Shannon Theory, Digital Communications, and Reliable Transmission of Information
Catalog Number: 9317,2330
Aleksandar Kavcic 1261

*Engineering Sciences 335,336. Mechanics of Engineering Materials and Small Devices
Catalog Number: 8173,2399
Joost J. Vlassak

*Engineering Sciences 337,338. Solid Mechanics, Theory of Fracture and Faulting
Catalog Number: 4316,3948
James R. Rice 7270 (on leave fall term)

*Engineering Sciences 339,340. Fluid Mechanics
Catalog Number: 1744,7810
Frederick H. Abernathy 1047

*Engineering Sciences 341,342. Special Topics in Fluid Dynamics
Catalog Number: 2231,2237
Howard A. Stone 2073

*Engineering Sciences 343,344. Deformation and Fracture of Materials
Catalog Number: 3907,2803
John W. Hutchinson 1573

*Engineering Sciences 345,346. Physiological Systems, Nonlinear Oscillations, Visual Signal Processing
Catalog Number: 5119,1174
Richard E. Kronauer 1087

*Engineering Sciences 347,348. Biological Systems Analysis and Control
Catalog Number: 6761,3310
Garrett B. Stanley 2797

*Engineering Sciences 349,350. Special Topics in Dynamical Systems and Applications
Catalog Number: 6691,2087
Igor Mezic 3139 (fall term only)

*Engineering Sciences 355,356. Speech and Audio Processing
Catalog Number: 4605,7048
Michael S. Brandstein 2794

*Engineering Sciences 357,358. Atmosphere-Biosphere Interactions
Catalog Number: 7661,8060
Steven C. Wofsy 4396

*Engineering Sciences 359,360. Stratospheric Chemistry and Transport
Catalog Number: 8410,6856
Steven C. Wofsy 4396

*Engineering Sciences 361,362. Atmospheric Chemistry
Catalog Number: 7238,7514
Daniel J. Jacob 1781

*Engineering Sciences 363,364. Dynamic Meterology
Catalog Number: 3756,3757
Brian F. Farrell 7628

*Engineering Sciences 367,368. Aquatic Chemistry
Catalog Number: 7136,8504
James N. Butler 3453 (on leave fall term)

*Engineering Sciences 369,370. Urban and Regional Systems Analysis
Catalog Number: 8775,8768
Peter P. Rogers 2804

*Engineering Sciences 375,376. Environmental Biology
Catalog Number: 3985,2863
Ralph Mitchell 1587 (on leave spring term)

*Engineering Sciences 381,382. Physical Hydrology and Hydrometeorology
Catalog Number: 2968,4821
Ana P. Barros 2515

*Engineering Sciences 391,392. Environmental Engineering
Catalog Number: 3979,2860
Joseph J. Harrington 2427